What Can the Matter Be? by Flying Tortoise

Puzzle explanation

The NW quadrant of the grid is a word ladder (words changing progressively by one letter) with clues that have a letter missing; the NE is a word square (the same words reading across and down) with clues that contain an extra letter; the SE is another word square (reading across and up) with normal clues; the SW is a normal crossword with clues that have a misprint. The top rows of the quadrants start with the elements FIRE, EARTH, AIR and WATER respectively. The letters associated with clues spell out the “choler, melancholy, phlegm, bloody”, the four types of HUMOUR (appearing in the circled cells).

Clue explanations

Conventions: * = anagram, < = reversal

First, (misprint), [extra], -missing- letter Answer Explanation
[C]leaves AFARAS AS FAR AS − S
pat(H) AIRWAY AIR + WAY
S(O)me ALCINA ((m)ANIC LA(ughter)) <
O(L)d ANNATS STANNA(ries) <
Exceptional ARMLET (R(ock) + METAL) *
Bi(R)d AVOCET OVERCOAT * − O − R
ge-M-ologists CARATS (A(ssessing) T(he) S(ubsoil)) after (s)CAR(p)
H-E-art CARERS CAR(v)ERS
-L-ions CARETS RE in CATS
gr(A)ss COMMON MM in COON
-N-early CURATS CURAT(e) + S(ervice)
Course DOLINE LINE after DO(g)
[H]old EARTHY THY after EAR
Opera EUROPA OPERA * around U(rania)
f-L-ourish FARERS FAS around (R + ER)
The-Y- FIRERS RE in FIRS
[P]up HASTEN (Pas)HA’S TEN(ts)
(H)ornet INSECT IN + SECT
(L)ack IRON-ON (NO NORI) <
Extremely MEADOW A(dmire)D in MEOW
Generally OPENER 2 meanings
ru[M]ble RADISH DI in (R + ASH)
her(B) RAMSON RAMS + ON
ti[L]ter’s TRISTE TITER’S *
Ocean’s WATERS T(welv)E in WARS
to(O)l WOMERA M in WOE + RA
ma(D) YENTAS (SAY NET) *
den[Y] YSHEND (DEN SHY) *
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